Bangladesh Facts
Fast Facts
- Population:
- 144,233,000
- Capital:
- Dhaka; 12,560,000
- Area:
- 147,570 square kilometers (56,977 square miles)
- Language:
- Bangla (Bengali), English
- Religion:
- Muslim, Hindu
- Currency:
- Taka
- Life Expectancy:
- 59
- GDP per Capita:
- U.S. $1,800
- Literacy Percent:
- 43
Bangladesh Facts Flag
Map
Supported by India, East Pakistan became Bangladesh in 1971 after a war of independence against Pakistan. Bangladesh has the third largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia and Pakistan. With more than 1,000 people per square kilometer (2,600 per square mile), the country is one of the most crowded on Earth. Poverty is widespread, and almost half of all Bangladeshis live on less than $1 a day.
Rich soils yield three rice harvests a year, but major cyclones cause storm surges that smash into the delta, sweeping people, livestock, and crops from the lowlands. In 1970 a cyclone killed more than 300,000 people along the coast, and in 2007 Cyclone Sidr caused thousands of deaths along with significant damage to the country's infrastructure.
Monsoon rains also cause frequent flooding of Bangladesh's lowlands. On average, about one-third of the country floods during the rainy season. Earthquakes, droughts, and landslides also occur.
Deforestation in upper watersheds of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers worsens flooding downstream. The government protects the Sundarbans mangrove forest—one of the largest in the world and home to threatened species like the Bengal tiger.
ECONOMY
- Industry: Cotton textiles, jute, garments, tea processing
- Agriculture: Rice, jute, tea, wheat; beef
- Exports: Garments, jute and jute goods, leather, frozen fish and seafood
—Text From National Geographic Atlas of the World, Eighth Edition
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